Stavropol region. An ancient-geographical part about Russian Federation found in the central part out of Subcaucasia, between your Kuban River (and you can Kuban area) into western, new Terek part with the the southern area of, the Don region with the northern, the Kalmyk Autonomous Republic into northeast, as well as the places of your own Caucasian slope individuals south and you may southwestern. The brand new Stavropol region basically matches in the region for the previous Stavropol gubernia (with its 18611920 edge, 59,five hundred sq . kilometres) as well as the afterwards Stavropol krai, shorter brand new Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,500 sq . km).
Actual geography. The top part of the Stavropol area is actually filled because of the Stavropol Upland; new minor portion has elements of the latest Caspian Lowland on east, brand new Kuma-Manych Depression about northern, and foothills of your own Caucasus Mountains on the southwest. The new climate of your own Stavropol part try transitional, of moderate continental regarding western to help you more dry and more continental on eastern. The larger of them range from the Yegorlyk (and this flows on the Manych), new Kalaus, brand new Kuma, additionally the Kuban and its particular upper tributaries, the fresh Velykyi Zelenchuk and the Malyi Zelenchuk (look for Zelenchuk canals). River-water is employed to own irrigation. Short, mainly saline lakes are plentiful; the largest is the thin but 160-km-long River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
But the situated Stavropol area stayed sparsely populated by nomadic Nogay Tatars (a beneficial Turkic-talking anyone) and you can Kalmyk some body (good Mongol-speaking category), exactly who to one another numbered on 80,000
The fresh new soils regarding western and you may central part of the Stavropol part is individuals chernozems and chestnut earth; towards the east and you may northeast they getting white chestnut. The new natural plants in addition to changes eastward which have declining dampness, off meadow fescuefeather lawn steppe so you’re able to lifeless fescuefeather turf steppe immediately after which semidesert plant life out-of wormwood, dead fescue, and you may feather lawn. Regarding far more moist a portion of the Stavropol Upland and also in the latest Caucasus mountain tops new absolute plants try tree-steppe with vГ©rifier ici pine-hornbeam-beech forests. Now the steppe while the tree-steppe are almost entirely cleared having agriculture.
Record. Regarding middle-16th century the newest Caucasus together with Stavropol region started to already been towards the connection with Muscovite colonization. In the 16th and 17th years Subcaucasia educated new beginnings off Cossack colonization (new Wear Cossacks in the west and Terek Cossacks into the this new east). Caucasian mountain peoples, the brand new Karachai plus the Cherkess, lived in the fresh foothills of part.
Early in the eighteenth century new Stavropol area nominally became the main Russian Kingdom. Permanent settlements, but not, just weren’t established through to the past one-fourth of the century, when, in the 177780, the latest Russian authorities founded a line of forts, this new Mozdok-Azov range, which have head office at the Stavropol, to help you hold the Caucasian mountain individuals. From the 1785 the new Stavropol region designed section of Caucasus oblast, which had been redesignated a good gubernia for the 1802. Adopting the multiple term alter it absolutely was appointed because Stavropol gubernia within the 1847. The borders was basically fundamentally repaired inside the 1861, if it is split from Terek oblast. Compared with Kuban oblast and you will Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (because 1898) wasn’t element of Caucasus krai.
Until the 1930s the fresh new Stavropol part is actually paid of the each other Ukrainians and you may Russians, and you may constituted part of contiguous, albeit blended, Ukrainian ethnographic area
The new Russian bodies promoted the new quick colonization of Stavropol part to establish a bottom getting military techniques about Caucasus. Part of you to definitely aim are attained by the brand new giving of preference tracts out of residential property so you can Russian noblemen, who paid them with their serfs. A far more high reason behind colonization, however, are the new spontaneous settlement by the state peasants have been unimpeded by the central regulators. Indeed the newest purple government legalized extant claims to the ukase out-of 1804 and offered help to the people that has settled from inside the the new Stavropol region. Towards the end of the 1850s the populace away from Stavropol gubernia had risen to 340,000 (5.5 people per sq km). Its simply area, Stavropol, increased from around step 3,000 people during the 1800 to 17,600 owners in the 1853. The essential densely compensated section was new steppes between your Yegorlyk together with Kalaus streams as well as the Kalaus River valley. The population of Stavropol gubernia (along with Terek oblast) inside the 1853 contains forty-eight.seven per cent Cossacks, 32 percent condition peasants, sixteen.dos % nomadic herders, and you will step 3.one percent serfs and others.